Preparing your Debian host
Choosing the DNS suffix for the domain
For the choice of the domain name, there are two options:
Use a DNS suffix ending in
.lan
, for examplemydomain.lan
.Use a sub-domain of a public domain you own, for example
ad.mycompany.com
.
Attention
In any case it is absolutely necessary to avoid suffixes in .local
because this suffix has been appropriated by Apple for its Bonjour protocol / mDNS.
In the instructions below, the domain name will be mydomain.lan
which you will replace with the domain name of your choice.
Install the server
To install a new Debian 64bit (physical or virtual machine) without GUI and only with the SSH service installed (minimal type installation), refer to this documentation.
Note
We recommend the installation of Samba-AD on Linux (Debian / RedHat8 and derived distributions), configured according to the ANSSI Recommendations for configuring a GNU / Linux system.
Configuring the network functions of your server
Hint
If you have a corporate proxy.
To add the proxy to install DEB packages, create the file /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/90proxy
by adapting it to your context (proxy server name and connection port):
Acquire::https::proxy "http://proxy:3128";
Acquire::http::proxy "http://proxy:3128";
To configure the proxy for the different commands of the root user, add the following lines at the end of /root/.bashrc
:
export http_proxy=http://proxy.mydomain.lan:3128
export https_proxy=http://proxy.mydomain.lan:3128
export ftp_proxy=http://proxy.mydomain.lan:3128
#export no_proxy=.lan,.local
To apply immediately this modification, do:
source /root/.bashrc
Configuring the DNS name
Hint
The name of your new Samba-AD server must not exceed 15 characters (limit linked to sAMAccountName
in Active Directory).
In this documentation we will use the name srvads.
The server name must be a FQDN name, i.e. the concatenation of the machine name and the DNS suffix.
Modify the file
/etc/hostname
and fill in the FQDN name of the server:srvads.mydomain.lan
Edit
/etc/hosts
, fill in the name FQDN and the short name of the server.
Hint
On the line corresponding to the IP address of the Samba-AD server put first the FQDN name, then the short name.
Do not modify the line(s) containing the term
localhost
:
# /etc/hosts of the Samba-AD server
10.0.0.10 srvads.mydomain.lan srvads
Configuring the IP address
Edit
/etc/network/interfaces
and set a static IP address:# /etc/network/interfaces auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.0.11/24 gateway 192.168.0.254
Attention
Since Debian version 9, the interfaces are no longer automatically called ethX but wpsX for wifi and ensX for ethernet. To find named interfaces like the previous versions, follow this tutorial, or see this article or this other article.
Apply the network configuration by rebooting the machine with a reboot:
reboot
Finalizing your basic configuration
After the reboot, set the system language to English to make it easier to find problems in the logs:
apt-get install -y locales-all localectl set-locale LANG=en_US.utf8 localectl status
Disable avahi-daemon (mDNS protocol / bonjour):
systemctl stop avahi-daemon.service avahi-daemon.socket systemctl disable avahi-daemon.service avahi-daemon.socket
Update Debian and install the necessary administration tools:
apt-get update -y apt-get install -y wget sudo screen nmap telnet tcpdump rsync net-tools dnsutils htop apt-transport-https vim gnupg lsb-release
You can now go to the next step and install Samba-AD on your Debian.